US Eyes Euro-Japanese Next-Gen Fighter Program

A new chapter in transatlantic defense cooperation may be unfolding as a Trump administration envoy pushes for US involvement in the Euro-Japanese Global Combat Air Program (GCAP). Paolo Zampolli, recently appointed as US special envoy to Italy and a close associate of President Trump, has initiated discussions with Italian officials to explore potential American participation in this next-generation fighter jet program.

Defense News reported this month that Zampolli held meetings with key Italian figures, including Deputy Prime Minister Matteo Salvini, aimed at strengthening US-Italy defense ties. During these discussions and in statements to Italian media, Zampolli advocated for a unified transatlantic fighter jet program, suggesting it would benefit all parties by reducing costs and enhancing collaboration.

Strategic Implications

Zampolli has emphasized the potential economic advantages of US participation in GCAP, highlighting how such cooperation could strengthen commercial relations between the nations involved. However, it remains unclear whether Zampolli’s initiative represents his personal views or reflects official direction from President Trump, creating uncertainty about the proposal’s status.

Mixed Reactions from Italian Leadership

The proposal has generated surprise among Italian politicians, with Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani expressing astonishment at Zampolli’s mission. This reaction underscores the preliminary nature of these discussions. Meanwhile, US defense contractor Lockheed Martin has reserved comment, referring inquiries to the relevant governments.

Technological Compatibility

The GCAP’s technological approach may explain potential US interest. According to a May 2024 analysis by the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), the GCAP emphasizes significant human-machine integration, similar to the US Next-Generation Air Dominance (NGAD) program, suggesting possible technological synergies.

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Challenges Facing the US NGAD Program

The NGAD program currently faces significant challenges, including escalating costs, shifting strategic priorities, and the emergence of drone warfare. These factors have led the US Air Force to pause the program while reassessing whether air superiority can be maintained through existing platforms like the F-35, F-15EX, and F-22, complemented by Collaborative Combat Aircraft.

With each NGAD fighter projected to cost approximately $250 million per unit, financial concerns are paramount. Some defense officials are advocating for a more cost-effective alternative a scaled-down, software-driven light fighter that could potentially align with international collaborative efforts like GCAP.

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